Naomi Saphra

NLP and interpretability researcher

Why they matter

NLP and interpretability researcher with public evidence across AI research, Agents & robotics, NLP & language.

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Waiting on a robot body. All opinions are universal and held by both employers and family. ML/NLP professor. nsaphra.net

Articles & links

Our ICML HiLD workshop paper shows that the reason why bigger models learn more complex tasks is because they are able to saturate the gradients for easier tasks; different tasks are competing for the same parameters and gradient mass.

Why Larger Models Learn More: Effects of Capacity, Interference, and Rare-Task Retention arxiv.org
AI Weekly's analysis →
  • The paper argues power-law scaling already implies a larger model will learn parts of the data distribution a smaller model cannot, even with infinite training data.
  • Pretraining experiments on OLMo models from 4M to 4B parameters found only the larger models learned the infrequent and complex tasks.
  • The proposed mechanism is reduced gradient interference: weaker common-task updates leave rare-task features intact in larger models.
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View on Bluesky · ♥ 3 ↻ 0 ↩ 0 · 2 from the directory shared this · 110d ago
↻ Naomi Saphra reposted
David Picard @davidpicard.eurosky.social

Babe, stop everything! New favorite paper of the year is out! kyutai.org/fid-lottery/ arxiv.org/abs/2606.20536

The FID Lottery: Quantifying Hidden Randomness in Generative-Model Evaluation arxiv.org
AI Weekly's analysis →
  • Retraining a model with a different seed moves its FID score 3.2x more than resampling from a fixed trained network.
  • FID coefficient of variation stays within a 1-2% band even as compute or model size increases.
  • The authors recommend treating any FID gap below roughly 1.3% CoV as inconclusive and requiring multi-seed error bars.
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↻ Naomi Saphra reposted
Isabelle Lee @wordscompute.bsky.social

Benchmarks can be superficial, but model explanations and evaluations are fundamentally intertwined. What if we used interpretability as principled, scientific evaluation? If it met scientific standards? arxiv.org/abs/2605.05508 coming to EvalEval at ACL as oral 🧵 1/6

Rigorous Interpretation Is a Form of Evaluation arxiv.org
AI Weekly's analysis →
  • The paper argues interpretability methods that are falsifiable, reproducible, and predictive can serve as model evaluation, not just diagnostics.
  • Of four methods assessed in Table 1, attention mechanisms fail all three criteria; sparse autoencoders fail reproducibility.
  • An SAE refusal-detection feature trained on chat data failed to generalize when the target model received webtext input instead.
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Our new paper sets the stage for the biggest practical use case of model interpretability: stress testing and dataset development. All you need is interpretable linear features and simple geometry.

Adversarial Concept Search: Predicting Compositional Errors From Feature Geometry arxiv.org
AI Weekly's analysis →
  • A Compositional Interference metric derived from feature geometry predicts LLM failures without evaluating specific inputs.
  • On multihop question answering, correlation between the CI metric and model accuracy reached r = -0.855.
  • The method predicts cross-lingual transfer failures across 10+ languages using only English fact representations.
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View on Bluesky · ♥ 23 ↻ 5 ↩ 1 · 2 from the directory shared this · 124d ago

I'm so happy when other people write papers on nondeterministic factors in training. embrace the chaos

Emergent Capabilities Arise Randomly from Learning Sparse Attention Patterns arxiv.org
AI Weekly's analysis →
  • Emergent capabilities arise stochastically: the same model can gain or fail to gain a capability depending on its random initialization.
  • Researchers used Pythia models from 14M to 410M parameters to show attention pattern learning is the key bottleneck to capability emergence.
  • More attention heads improved learning efficiency; MLP-Mixer outperformed standard transformers on tasks with complex attention patterns.
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View on Bluesky · ♥ 43 ↻ 3 ↩ 0 · 2 from the directory shared this · 113d ago

If you're at COLM next week, check out our interpretability work, led by Isabella Gidi, on how grammatical inflection transfers across languages! Poster on Tuesday afternoon.

Shared Circuits for Shared Grammar: Tracing Subject-Verb Agreement Across Languages arxiv.org
AI Weekly's analysis →
  • Researchers used activation patching and attention analysis on 29 languages and five open-source model families to isolate attention heads causally implicated in subject-verb agreement.
  • Languages with overt person/number inflection show more similar agreement circuitry than non-conjugating languages, with English acting as a bridge case when overt agreement is required.
  • Many implicated heads show similar attention patterns across languages, suggesting cross-lingual overlap reflects shared functional roles, not just shared localization.
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View on Bluesky · ♥ 29 ↻ 0 ↩ 0 · 2 from the directory shared this · 13d ago

Recent commentary

We don’t always know what problems are hard for LLMs. So devs evaluate on tasks HUMANS find hard or on broad benchmarks. What if we could instead anticipate which scenarios a model will fail on—all without evaluating specific input examples? 🧵NEW PAPER by @jenniferlumeng.bsky.social

View on Bluesky · ♥ 133 ↻ 34 ↩ 3 · 124d ago

if you think students will be routinely collaborating with LLMs after graduation, #1 priority is to study rhetoric because you need to recognize BS and critique the rigor of an argument that *looks* good. the elite users are going to be like, philosophy, classics, and english majors.

View on Bluesky · ♥ 109 ↻ 13 ↩ 5 · 93d ago

if you are a PhD student in AI, remember it is in your interests to distract your advisor from how much money they could be making in industry. should be a daily priority.

View on Bluesky · ♥ 80 ↻ 2 ↩ 4 · 141d ago

Yes, some people are worse at writing than an LLM. Those people are also usually incoherent thinkers. If they learned to write better, they would get better at thinking.

View on Bluesky · ♥ 72 ↻ 6 ↩ 2 · 46d ago

Are students embarrassed by AI cheating? Like, there has always been rare but unstigmatized dishonesty (memorizing a frat’s archive of finals questions) and common but stigmatized (saying you’ve started when you definitely have not started it). AI cheating should be the most stigmatized. Is it?

View on Bluesky · ♥ 23 ↻ 0 ↩ 10 · 101d ago

ok the thing about erdos is he obviously loved collaborating with humans. he could have done a lot on his own, but math was how he chose to connect. I'm not sure he would have been very into chatbots?

View on Bluesky · ♥ 32 ↻ 1 ↩ 4 · 145d ago

All scientific field distinctions are ultimately socially defined categories. So the Transformers paper was an “NLP paper” not because it was about language modeling and MT, but because Vaswani went on to do grammatical inference algorithms for mRNA. That is real “NLP researcher“ behavior.

View on Bluesky · ♥ 22 ↻ 3 ↩ 1 · 10d ago

ACL needs to adopt the expectation from ML conferences that workshops be exciting. If you come from NLP you know ACL workshops are mostly terminal venues for abandoned/unambitious work, but it's clear that the correct approach is to host cutting-edge WiP.

View on Bluesky · ♥ 17 ↻ 1 ↩ 4 · 110d ago

How do you make LLMs actually good at explaining new math? It's like reading a badly written reference for people who already know the subject. When I ask a question, it never matches my level. If I try to rephrase to test my understanding, it just sycophantically agrees.

View on Bluesky · ♥ 16 ↻ 2 ↩ 3 · 116d ago

my new literary award cannot be won by a commercial frontier LLM because I will require that 10% of each submission is smut

View on Bluesky · ♥ 24 ↻ 0 ↩ 1 · 149d ago

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